1. Antifreeze and water, being two different substances that
absorb heat at different rates, should be considered in cooling system process.
Antifreeze when mixed with water becomes less able to absorb heat. Specifically
the loss in capability is about 1 degree Celsius for every 10% of glycol. This
ratio will continue up to 50%.
2. Detonation occurs in the cylinder when the “end gas” or
unburned fuel air mixture from the primary ignition will self-ignite at an
imperfect or wrong time. A number of things play a part in the cause of
detonation including fuel quality, compression ration, engine timing, intake
air temperature, and aftercooler temperature. The “ping” or “knock” you hear
when detonation is occurring is caused by the two leading edges of ignited
flame colliding.
3. Along with the regular fluid change intervals a fluid
sample, like the SOS of Cat, can be performed to analyze wear and quality of
fluid.
4. Combustion air flow requirements will vary, depending on
the specific engine model and rating. Specific air flow data for Caterpillar
engines is given in both volumetric and mass flow terms, at standard reference
conditions.
Exactly. Thanks.
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